Al Jazeera English, September 14, 2010
A second round of direct talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority are taking place under the auspices of Hillary Clinton, the US secretary of state, in Egypt’s Red Sea resort of Sharm el-Sheikh. Washington says it hopes the talks will lead to an agreement within a year.
When asked whether they think the talks will succeed, some Israelis respond with a cynical laugh, but most reply with an odd mix of apathy, exhaustion, and pessimism, colored by hope.
Ronen is a 32-year-old attorney who asked to be identified by a pseudonym rather than being associated with an Arab media outlet. Like many Israelis, he’s not following this round of talks closely because negotiations have failed in the past.
“Everyone is bringing up stupid conditions that make everything impossible,” he adds. “For example, Israelis [say] that they’re going to build up the settlements. But, once more, they ‘sacrifice,’” he says sarcastically, “because it won’t be as much construction as intended.”
Like some Middle East analysts, Ronen is concerned that the end of the settlement freeze, set to expire on September 26, will derail talks.
There are also challenges from “the other side,” he says. “Palestinians still claim the right of return [to land inside Israel] which is as stupid as building the settlements.”
Ronen feels that neither the Palestinian nor Israeli leadership truly wants to negotiate. He compares the talks to theatre, staged to please the US government. “It’s like the Americans are the parents and each of us wants the parents to like us,” he adds.
The “worthless” talks won’t bring change to the Middle East, Ronen remarks. A massive war with Iran and its proxies will.
But there’s a bright spot in his gloomy outlook. “It’s an improvement because they’re talking. I’m still hoping to be surprised,” he says, echoing the sentiment of many Israelis.
“I just want to go to work and make some money; go home and watch some TV,” Ronen adds. “I wouldn’t be surprised if things are the same on the other side.”
***
Yaakov, the elderly owner of a second-hand store, is a rare optimist. “I believe that [the talks] will succeed because everyone understands that there is no choice. It’s impossible to go on like this, one war after another. Everyone’s tired. Enough,” he says in Hebrew with a heavy Arabic accent.
Born in Syria, Yaakov immigrated to Israel with his family when he was 12 years old. Although 60 years have passed, he remembers his school and his friends well. What about his mother tongue? Yaakov tips his kippahed head up and replies, “I speak excellent Arabic.”
“If there will be peace,” he adds with a smile, “I’ll go straight to Damascus.” There, he’ll visit his childhood home in the Jewish quarter.
One of the biggest obstacles to his journey, he says, is the settlers. “But if the government decides to evacuate them, that’s it,” he says, wiping one hand with the other. “Done.”
Yaakov is also troubled by Palestinian infighting. “Hamas and Fatah—they’re not together. This is a problem,” he says.
He questions the wisdom of excluding Hamas from talks. A handful of interviewees expressed the same concern; some cast doubts upon PA President Mahmoud Abbas’ legitimacy as a representative of the Palestinian people.
Still, Yaakov believes that the Americans’ goal of reaching a framework agreement within a year is realistic.
But what if talks fail? Is this, as many say, the last chance for a two-state solution?
“There won’t be one state. It’s impossible. It’s got to be ‘Two states for two people,’” Yaakov says, reciting that long-held mantra.
***
“Really, I’m a little depressed,” says Aya Negev, a 27-year-old saleswoman at a designer boutique.
“Netanyahu isn’t serious about peace,” she explains. “In the end, there will be one country and [Jews] will be the minority.”
While Negev doesn’t think this is a problem in and of itself—she’s one of the very few that dreams of building a shared Jewish-Palestinian state, “without an army,” she adds—she doubts that the people will want to make it work.
Similarly, she feels that both sides lack the will to compromise now during talks. “There are things [the Israelis and Palestinians] won’t agree to. No one’s ready to meet in the middle,” Negev says.
Negev, of Russian extract, feels that the settlements and Jerusalem are the most important issues. She’s concerned, for example, about what’s happening in Sheikh Jarrah—a Palestinian neighborhood in East Jerusalem that is being taken over by Jewish settlers.
Does she attend the weekly protests there?
“No,” she answers. “I’m afraid [of the police]. I don’t want to get involved. But in my heart, I’m with them.”
On the one hand, Negev feels her government won’t do anything for peace; on the other, she’s too frightened to.
She shrugs and gives a nervous laugh.
***
“Why didn’t Arafat take it?” Julie Ozon says, referring to the offer made by former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak at Camp David in 2000. “We could have had peace. It’s a pity.”
Ozon feels that, as was the case in the past, current talks will also end in failure. But things are different this time. “This is the last chance,” she says.
Ozon, the 68-year-old owner and chef of a restaurant that serves dishes from her native Egypt, cites the same problem as almost every other interviewee: “The settlers are really a problem,” she says.
Although she’s right-wing herself, she also points to Israel’s general shift towards the right as another concern. “There are the extreme rightists,” she says. “And now there is [Netanyahu]. He is very hard.”
Not only is his support of settlements worrisome to Ozon, his attitude towards the Palestinians is, too.
“Something annoying about Bibi is that he wants the Palestinians to recognize the Jewish state on the land of Israel. After peace, they’ll do it. But not now,” she says. “Arabs have honor.”
“You want to annoy an Arab?” asks Ozon, who, six decades after immigrating to Israel, still identifies as Egyptian. “Take his land and then tell him what to call it.” She throws her hands up in frustration, her bangles jingling.
“On the other side,” she continues, “Hamas will exploit this. They don’t want peace. They want war… They want to kill Jews.”
Ozon feels that this sentiment is common throughout the neighboring countries. Arab children, she says, “are taught to hate.”
“Do you know how many states are against us?” she adds. “If we don’t find a solution now, no one will be able to help us. Not the US, not Europe. They are 300 million,” she says, repeating the number.
While Ozon hopes for peace—“I want to be in my state. Leave me in quiet, ya Allah!” she says—she predicts that talks will fail because of the settlers.
What will happen then?
“War, sweetie. War.”
*Photo: EPA. Protest in Sheikh Jarrah